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  • All images used on this website are copyright and have been photographed by Patrick McNamara. They are and remain the property of Patrick McNamara.
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  • They should not be used for any other purpose, supplied to any third parties, used in a printed publication or internet page without written permission from the copyright holder.

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Bibliography & Links:

  • Breen, J. 2020. Ireland's Bees. Native Irish Honey Bee Society.
  • Brock, P.D. 2019. A comprehensive guide to insects of Britain & Ireland. 2nd Edition. Pisces Publications. Newbury, Berkshire.
  • Brock, P.D. 2021. Britain's Insects – A field guide to the insects of Great Britain & Ireland. Princeton University Press. Oxford.
  • Cole, S. and Waller, M. 2021. Britain's Orchids – A field guide to the orchids of Great Britain & Ireland. Princeton University Press. Oxfordshire.
  • Collins Gem. 2012. Butterflies. 3rd Edition. Harper Collins Publishers. London.
  • Collins Gem. 2012. Insects. 3rd Edition. Harper Collins Publishers. London.
  • Collins Gem. 2012. Trees. 3rd Edition. Harper Collins Publishers. London.
  • Collins Gem. 2012. Wildflowers. 3rd Edition. Harper Collins Publishers. London.
  • Devlin, Z. 2021. The Wildflowers of Ireland – A Field Guide. 2nd Edition. Gill Books. Dublin.
  • Kristinsson, H. 2024. Flowering Plants & Ferns of Iceland. 3rd Edition. Mál og menning. Reykjavik. 
  • McCormack, S. and Regan, E. 2016. Insects of Ireland – A Field Guide. The Collins Press. Cork.
  • Merryweather, J. 2020. Ferns, clubmosses, quillworts and horsetails of Britain & Ireland. Princeton University Press. Oxford.
  • Nelson, E.C. 2016. The Wild Plants of the Burren and the Aran Islands – A Field Guide. The Collins Press. Cork.
  • Newland, D., Still, R. and Swash, A. 2019. Britain's Day-flying Moths – A field guide to the day-flying moths of Great Britain & Ireland. 2nd Edition. Princeton University Press. Oxfordshire.
  • Newland, D., Still, R., Swash, A. and Tomlinson, D. 2020. Britain's Butterflies – A field guide to the butterflies of Great Britain & Ireland. 4th Edition. Princeton University Press. Oxford.
  • Price, D. 2021. A Field Guide to Grasses, Sedges and Rushes. Version 13. The Species Recovery Trust.
  • O'Reilly, P. and Parker, S. 2007. Wild Orchids in the Burren. Frist Nature. Llandysul, Wales.
  • Smallshire, D. and Swash, A. 2018. Britain's Dragonflies – A field guide to the damselflies & dragonflies of Great Britain & Ireland. 4th Edition. Princeton University Press. Oxford.
  • Wilson, J. 2013. The Birds of Ireland – A Field Guide. The Collins Press. Cork.

British Dragonfly Society

Butterfly Conservation

Irish Moths - Index 

MothsIreland – Mapping Ireland's Moths 

National Biodiversity Data Centre 

Wildflowers of Ireland

Irish Wildflowers 

Natural History of Iceland 

A Community for Naturalists · iNaturalist

Irish Lichens

Identification of each species on this website was conducted to the best of my ability with help from the above resources.

Please contact me if you spot any errors.